Cấu trúc đề thi IELTS 2026 chi tiết và chuẩn xác, kèm ví dụ minh họa

Đề thi IELTS bao gồm 4 phần:

• Nghe - IELTS Listening Test: 30 phút
• Đọc - IELTS Reading Test: 60 phút
• Viết - IELTS Writing Test: 60 phút
• Nói - IELTS Speaking Test: 11-15 phút.

Bài thi có 3 đoạn văn, độ dài tầm 1500 từ, độ khó tăng dần. Các đề đa phần được trích dẫn từ sách, báo, tạp chí... các đoạn văn được chọn dành cho đọc giả mang tính chất chuyên môn cao.

Ví dụ đề Cam 20 test 2:

MANATEES

Manatees, also known as sea cows, are aquatic mammals that belong to a group of animals called Sirenia. This group also contains dugongs. Dugongs and manatees look quite alike - they are similar in size, colour and shape, and both have flexible flippers for forelimbs. However, the manatee has a broad, rounded tail, whereas the dugong's is fluked, like that of a whale. There are three species of manatees: the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus), the African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis) and the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis).

Unlike most mammals, manatees have only six bones in their neck - most others, including humans and giraffes, have seven. This short neck allows a manatee to move its head up and down, but not side to side. To see something on its left or its right, a manatee must turn its entire body, steering with its flippers. Manatees have pectoral flippers but no back limbs, only a tail for propulsion. They do have pelvic bones, however - a leftover from their evolution from a four-legged to a fully aquatic animal. Manatees share some visual similarities to elephants. Like elephants, manatees have thick, wrinkled skin. They also have some hairs covering their bodies which help them sense vibrations in the water around them.

Seagrasses and other marine plants make up most of a manatee's diet. Manatees spend about eight hours each day grazing and uprooting plants. They eat up to 15% of their weight in food each day. African manatees are omnivorous - studies have shown that molluscs and fish make up a small part of their diets. West Indian and Amazonian manatees are both herbivores.

Manatees' teeth are all molars - flat, rounded teeth for grinding food. Due to manatees' abrasive aquatic plant diet, these teeth get worn down and they eventually fall out, so they continually grow new teeth that get pushed forward to replace the ones they lose. Instead of having incisors to grasp their food, manatees have lips which function like a pair of hands to help tear food away from the seafloor.

Manatees are fully aquatic, but as mammals, they need to come up to the surface to breathe. When awake, they typically surface every two to four minutes, but they can hold their breath for much longer. Adult manatees sleep underwater for 10-12 hours a day, but they come up for air every 15-20 minutes. Active manatees need to breathe more frequently. It's thought that manatees use their muscular diaphragm and breathing to adjust their buoyancy. They may use diaphragm contractions to compress and store gas in folds in their large intestine to help them float.

The West Indian manatee reaches about 3.5 metres long and weighs on average around 500 kilogrammes. It moves between fresh water and salt water, taking advantage of coastal mangroves and coral reefs, rivers, lakes and inland lagoons. There are two subspecies of West Indian manatee: the Antillean manatee is found in waters from the Bahamas to Brazil, whereas the Florida manatee is found in US waters, although some individuals have been recorded in the Bahamas. In winter, the Florida manatee is typically restricted to Florida. When the ambient water temperature drops below 20°C, it takes refuge in naturally and artificially warmed water, such as at the warm-water outfalls from powerplants.

The African manatee is also about 3.5 metres long and found in the sea along the west coast of Africa, from Mauritania down to Angola. The species also makes use of rivers, with the mammals seen in landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger. The Amazonian manatee is the smallest species, though it is still a big animal. It grows to about 2.5 metres long and 350 kilogrammes. Amazonian manatees favour calm, shallow waters that are above 23°C. This species is found in fresh water in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, as well as in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

All three manatee species are endangered or at a heightened risk of extinction. The African manatee and Amazonian manatee are both listed as Vulnerable by the International

Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is estimated that 140,000. Amazonian manatees were killed between 1935 and 1954 for their meat, fat and skin with the latter used to make leather. In more recent years, African manatee decline has been tied to incidental capture in fishing nets and hunting. Manatee hunting is now illegal in every country the African species is found in.

The two subspecies of West Indian manatee are listed as Endangered by the IUCN. Both are also expected to undergo a decline of 20% over the next 40 years. A review of almost 1,800 cases of entanglement in fishing nets and of plastic consumption among marine mammals in US waters from 2009 to 2020 found that at least 700 cases involved manatees. The chief cause of death in Florida manatees is boat strikes. However, laws in certain parts of Florida now limit boat speeds during winter, allowing slow-moving manatees more time to respond.

Questions 1-6

Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Manatees

Appearance
- look similar to dugongs, but with a differently shaped 1 ______________

Movement
- have fewer neck bones than most mammals
- need to use their 2 ______________ to help to turn their bodies around in order to look sideways
- sense vibrations in the water by means of 3 ______________ on their skin

Feeding
- eat mainly aquatic vegetation, such as 4 ______________
- grasp and pull up plants with their 5 ______________

Breathing
- come to the surface for air every 2-4 minutes when awake and every 15-20 while sleeping
- may regulate the 6 ______________ of their bodies by using muscles of diaphragm to store air internally

Questions 7-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

7.West Indian manatees can be found in a variety of different aquatic habitats.

8.The Florida manatee lives in warmer waters than the Antillean manatee.

9.The African manatee's range is limited to coastal waters between the West African countries of Mauritania and Angola.

10.The extent of the loss of Amazonian manatees in the mid-twentieth century was only revealed many years later.

11.It is predicted that West Indian manatee populations will fall in the coming decades.

12.The risk to manatees from entanglement and plastic consumption increased significantly in the period 2009-2020.

13.There is some legislation in place which aims to reduce the likelihood of boat strikes on manatees in Florida.

Các bài đọc được lấy nguồn từ sách, tạp chí, thông báo, quảng cáo ... với độ dài các bài khác nhau, thường từ 700 - 1500 từ.

Tất cả tài liệu mà các bạn sẽ dễ bắt gặp trong môi trường sử dụng tiếng Anh hằng ngày, mục đích là kiểm tra trình độ hiểu và các xử lý thông tin của ứng viên thi IELTS.

ACCIDENT INSURANCE FOR CITY MEDIA EMPLOYEES

City Media is pleased to offer its employees accident insurance benefits which are unique in the industry. Our insurance package not only insures employees against accidents occurring on the job, but extends to their off-hours. It also provides 24-hour protection to dependants and to eligible partners. A general description of the accident insurance package is shown below. Any questions regarding it may be referred to our Human Resources Department.

Our basic insurance is the same for all employees, and City Media makes enrolling in this program a condition of employment. We make an exception for those who have the same or greater coverage in an alternate plan. However, employees with other plans are still able to have adult dependants enrolled in ours. At this time, City Media does not extend this insurance to temporary staff, whether they are under contract for their services or not.

Further, employees can usually purchase accident insurance for their partners. However, submission and review of an application to the insurance company will determine whether the partner is eligible to participate.The terms in these policies bought for spouses are identical to those in the employees’ policy. This is, of course, provided that he/she has no accident insurance under another plan.

Accident benefits take effect after completing three months of employment. Full-time employees will then automatically receive the minimum $80,000 worth of protection. Part-time employees, defined as those scheduled to work less than forty hours per week, will also be offered accident protection, but the amount of this coverage depends on the hours they typically work. Additional insurance is optional and is sold in amounts of $25,000 and capped at $100,000. Anyone who is interested can submit a request to purchase it and will be responsible for the premium as well as the fees to administer it.

If employees take an extended time off work on leave, they can either decide not to carry accident insurance or they can decide to keep it and pay 100% of the expense. Basic insurance protection resumes on the first day of the return to work; however, the optional coverages that are discontinued during this time are not automatically restored. These coverages will resume after a medical, a letter from the doctor, and an assurance that the insurance carrier is satisfied.

Questions 1–5

Complete the sentences. Write ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.

The accident protection at City Media is 1..... amongst similar companies.

The insurance programme excludes 2.... employees.

An employee’s partner is not automatically 3..... for the insurance.

The insurance coverage for part-timers is related to their usual number of 4......

Employees can send in a 5..... for extra insurance.

The diagram below shows the process by which wire is made. Provide an overview of the information by identifying and describing the key details, and include comparisons where appropriate.

Đề 1: The main purpose of advertising is to increase the sales of products that people don’t really need. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

Đề 2: Some people think that people should be given the right to use fresh water as they like. Others believe governments should strictly control the use of fresh water. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

You have lost an item of value on a train.

Write a letter to the railway company. In your letter

• describe the item
• explain where and when you left it
• say what action you would like the company to take

Write at least 150 words.

You do NOT need to write any addresses.

Some people think that having a set retirement age (e.g. 65 years) for everybody, regardless of occupation, is unfair. They believe that certain workers deserve to retire and receive a pension at an earlier age.

Do you agree or disagree?

Which types of workers do you think should benefit from early retirement?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.