Cách viết kết bài trong IELTS Writing Task 2
Hai bài trước chúng ta đã luyện cách viết mở bài và thân bài rồi, nay còn lại phần kết bài, làm sao viết hợp lý và ghi điểm tốt đây?
Bài trước đó nếu bạn chưa rõ:
Cách viết mở bài Writing Task 2
Hướng dẫn viết thân bài Writing Task 2
Thực ra, IELTS Writing Task 2 chỉ yêu cầu 1 kết bài ngắn gọn và đủ ý bởi nội dung ở phần thân bài mới là điều được chú ý cao của toàn bài viết. Nếu kết bài của bạn ngắn và đơn giản, đừng lo lắng gì cả, điều đó hoàn toàn được chấp nhận. Thậm chí bạn cũng không cần thiết nghĩ ra những ý tưởng mới mẻ, đột phá cho kết bài; bạn chỉ cần paraphrase mở bài hoặc tóm tắt lại ý kiến lựa chọn của bạn mà thôi. Quan trọng là không đưa thêm lí do, không đưa thêm ý kiến mới, và không đưa ra các thông tin mới chưa được dẫn ra trong thân bài vào kết bài.
Cấu trúc viết kết bài Writing Task 2
Dưới đây là tổng hợp cách viết kết bài Writing Task 2 cho các dạng bài cơ bản. Mỗi dạng bài bạn chú ý kết thúc ngắn gọn và như trên là tổng hợp kết luận thôi.
1. Cấu trúc kết theo dạng bài
Các bạn hãy tham khảo các kết bài sau nhé:
- Dạng câu hỏi ‘To what extent …’(Opinion)
For the reasons mentioned above, I believe that... (+ repeat your opinion).
- Dạng câu hỏi ‘Discuss both views and …’ (Discussion + Opinion)
In conclusion, there are convincing arguments both for and against... (paraphrased topic), but I believe that... (if the question asks for your opinion).
- Dạng câu hỏi ‘Advantages and Disadvantages’ (Do the … outweigh the …?)
In conclusion, I would argue that the benefits of... (paraphrased topic) outweigh the drawbacks.
- Dạng câu hỏi ‘Cause/Effect and Solutions’ (Problem andSolution)
In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons for... (paraphrased topic), and steps need to be taken to tackle this problem.
2. Kết bài mẫu
Ví dụ #1: Dạng đề ‘To what extent …’
The older generations tend to have very traditional ideas about how people should live, think and behave. However, some people believe that these ideas are not helpful in preparing younger generations for modern life.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?
Mở bài mẫu:
It is true that many older people believe in traditional values that often seem incompatible with the needs of younger people. While I agree that some traditional ideas are outdated, I believe that others are still useful and should not be forgotten. (42 words)
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, although the views of older people may sometimes seem unhelpful in today’s world, we should not dismiss all traditional ideas as irrelevant. (24 words)
Ví dụ #2: Dạng đề ‘Discuss both views and …’
Some people think that strict punishments for driving offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Mở bài mẫu:
People have differing views with regard to the question of how to make our roads safer. In my view, both punishments and a range of other measures can be used together to promote better driving habits.
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, while punishments can help to prevent bad driving, I believe that other road safety measures should also be introduced.
Ví dụ #3: Dạng bài ‘Advantages and Disadvantages’
Modern societies need specialists in certain fields, but not others. Some people, therefore, think that governments should pay university fees for students who study subjects that are needed by society. Those who choose to study less relevant subjects should not receive the government funding.
Would the advantages of such an educational policy outweigh the disadvantages?
Mở bài mẫu:
In every country, there are fashions among students about which subjects are the best to the study at university. Sometimes the popularity of a subject is determined by how much money a graduate could subsequently earn in that field. Or subjects that are perceived as relatively ‘easy’ may also become popular, in spite of later difficulties of finding appropriate employment. It is up to governments to give incentives to students to choose subjects that match the needs of their society.
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, I think there are many other incentives for students that could be considered, such as making courses more interesting to take, or the job rewards greater after graduation. The education policy proposed above, however, would certainly have more long-term disadvantages than benefits for society.
Ví dụ #4: Dạng bài ‘Cause/Effect and Solutions’
In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.
What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them?
Mở bài mẫu:
Nowadays, obesity has become one of the outstanding problems in some countries especially in developed and developing ones in addition to the fact that the majority of people do not have healthy body.
Kết bài mẫu:
To conclude, I personally believe that the more we eat nutrition foods or do regular exercises, the healthier body we have as well as a healthier mindset.
Ví dụ #5: Dạng bài ‘Two-part Question’
Many people prefer to watch foreign films rather than locally produced films.
Why could this be?
Should governments give more financial support to local film industries?
Mở bài mẫu:
It is true that foreign films are more popular in many countries than domestically produced films. There could be several reasons why this is the case, and I believe that governments should promote local film- making by subsidising the industry.
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, I believe that increased financial support could help to raise the quality of locally made films and allow them to compete with the foreign productions that currently dominate the market.
Ví dụ #6: Dạng bài ‘Two-part Question’
These days more fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work.
What could be the reasons for this?
Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?
Mở bài mẫu:
It is true that men are increasingly likely to take on the role of househusband, while more women than ever are the breadwinners in their families. There could be several reasons for this, and I consider it to be a very positive trend.
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, the changing roles of men and women in the family are a result of wider changes in society, and I believe that these developments are desirable.
Dùng mệnh đề ‘while’ cho mở bài và kết bài
Thông thường, chúng ta hay mở đầu bằng câu "It is true that", sau đó, chúng ta sử dụng mệnh đề “while” để đưa ra ý kiến về 2 mặt của vấn đề, gói gọn trong 1 câu:
Mở bài dùng 'while'
Bạn có thể đi theo cấu trúc sau đây:
While I accept ( … argument A), I favor (… argument B)
Ví dụ tham khảo:
Early technological developments helped ordinary people and changed their lives more than recent developments. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Mở bài mẫu:
Technological progress has taken place throughout the course of human history. While early technologies certainly changed the lives of normal people, I believe that recent breakthroughs have had an even greater impact.
Kết bài dùng 'while'
Có thể các em đều biết là chúng ta thường có xu hướng dùng "while" trong đoạn mở đầu. Ngoài ra có thể dùng câu "while" cho kết bài.
Hãy xem ví dụ sau:
Some people think that strict punishments for driving offences are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Kết bài mẫu:
In conclusion, while punishments can help to prevent bad driving, I believe that other road safety measures should also be introduced.
Ngoài ra, có một số lưu ý hữu ích khi viết kết bài trong bài thi IELTS Writing như:
- Đa dạng hóa ngôn từ bằng các hình thức viết lại câu
- Không nên cố gắng đề cập, nhắc lại toàn bộ các chi tiết trong phần thân bài
- Luôn luôn dành thời gian để hoàn thiện phần kết luận. Thiếu phần kết luận sẽ đồng nghĩa với việc điểm của bạn sẽ bị hạ xuống
- Không nên viết phần kết bài quá dài, dung lượng không nên vượt quá 3 câu.
Bài luyện tập:
Chọn từ thích hợp trong các kết bài sau:
, as long as people are aware of the risks of using social media, and are careful to post only respectful and respectable content, then the advantages of social media far outweigh the disadvantages, and children and adults alike should be allowed to benefit from such technology.
, I once again restate my view that the Internet has had a positive influence on modern life because of its effects on both communication and the flow of information
, keeping military services out of bounds of women in the information age is unwarranted. I have been convinced that it is in the best interest of a nation if women are also granted equal rights in this particular arena.
, most people should privately insure their health, but it is unreasonable to suppose that all citizens can afford it. Therefore, a safety net in the form of a basic free health care system must exist for the very poor and the unemployed.
, as the world becomes smaller the need for an official international language seems unavoidable. English has already assumed this role although its status is unofficial. In my view, the use of either an official or unofficial international language is necessary to facilitate communication in a time of rapid globalisation.
Đáp án:
In conclusion
To conclude
All things considered
In conclusion
In brief
Trên đây là một số hướng dẫn, cấu trúc để viết kết bài Writing Task 2 phù hợp. Cả nhà tham khảo để viết hay hơn nhé.
Ngoài ra, tham khảo các bài học để luyện tập theo từng dạng bài nhé:
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